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V-1

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AKA: Vergeltungswaffen-1. Status: Retired 1945.

10Kh Chelomei developed a series of cruise missiles derived from the German V-1 1944-1952, testing air-, fixed catapult, and vehicle-launched versions. None reached production.

Loon American short range cruise missile, a copy of the German V-1 (Fieseler Fi 103).

10KhN Alternate designation for [10Kh].

• V-1 engine concept patented. - . Nation: Germany. Related Persons: Schmidt, Paul.

  German engineer, Paul Schmidt, working from design of Lorin tube, developed and patented a ramjet engine later modified and used in the V-1 Flying Bomb. The concept of the world's first jet-powered cruise missile was originated by Flight Staff Engineer Bree. The pulse engine was based on a French patent dating to the 1890's. The engine, which operated by creating 500 fuel-air explosions per minute, was designed for a specific operational altitude. The guidance system consisted of propellor in the nose. When this had turned a preset number of times (corresponding to the desired range to the target), the counter pushed the missile's rudder hard over, resulting on a dive to the ground. A V-1 could be produced for one tenth of the cost of a V-2.

• German 'ski ramps' - . Nation: Germany.

  British photo-intelligence interpreters discover what they call 'ski ramps' along the Atlantic coast of occupied Europe. These are 100 m long, and a total of 21 are discovered by mid-November. It is soon noted that whatever their location, all of the ramps point toward London. Fantastic theories are proposed - they are iceberg or poison gas launchers.

• Decision to destroy the ski ramps - . Nation: Germany. Although their purpose is not understood, it is decided to start a bombing campaign to destroy the German 'ski ramps'. By December 1, 64 had been found, and 75 by 21 December..

• Raid against V-1 launchers - . Nation: Germany. A raid is launched by Allied 1300 aircraft. The tactics have been developed at Eglin AFB, Florida, where a replica 'ski ramp' was built in an effort to understand its purpose and how best to bomb it..

• Manned V-1 test flights. - . Nation: Germany. Geman "Reichenberg" program began for use of manned V-1's air launched from He-111's for suicide missions..

• V-1 first attacks. - . Nation: Germany. The first German V-1's fired in anger, launched from France against England with 4 of the 11 striking London..

• Soviet Union begins development of copy of the V-1 missile. - . Nation: Russia. People's Commissariat of Aviation Industry Decree 7350 'On tasking OKB-51 to develop a copy of the Fi-103 missile' was issued..

• Loon first launch. - . Nation: USA.

  First missile launched at Naval Air Facility, Point Mugu, Calif., a KVW-1 Loon, USN name for AAF robot bomb (JB-2) modeled on the German V-1. The inert Loon was launched from an XM-1 launcher, a split-tube catapult with seven sequentially fired powder chambers.